The General Strain Theory By Robert Merton - 1352 Words

The General Strain Theory-Susan Smith In 1995, a very heinous, mysterious crime was committed the murder of two innocent boys by their mother. This crime was thought to be completely unexplainable. This mother convinced America that a black man had stole her car and kidnapped her children. Little did we know this suicidal woman would be capable of committing such a crime. There are many theories that you can apply to this case. However the theory that fits it most closely is the general strain theory. The General Strain theory is an evolved theory of strain theory created by Robert Merton, which was an adapted version of Anomie. â€Å"Anomie is a sort of psychological â€Å"state of confusion† in which an individual observes a conflict between the prescribed and commonplace social goals and the culturally-acceptable â€Å"legitimate† ways to pursue those goals.† (Kapelos-Peters, 2008). In simpler terms when someone is not doing what is socially acceptable because they’re are confused. The General Strain Theory consists of three characteristics. â€Å"1. Failure to achieve positively valued stimuli. 2. The loss of positively valued stimuli. 3. The Presentation of negative stimuli.† (Agnew, R. 1992 The General Strain Theory consists of three characteristics. â€Å"1. Failure to achieve positively valued stimuli. 2. The loss of positively valued stimuli. 3. The Presentation of negative stimuli.† (Agnew, R. 1992) When all three characteristics are present one is more likely to commit a crime or beShow MoreRelatedAnomie and General Strain Theories of Crime Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesAnomie/Strain Theory Historical Background The theoretical framework of strain theory can be credited to sociologist Emile Durkheim. Durkheim research on formed a platform for other sociologist to further develop strain theories of crime. One of which is Robert Merton. One of Durkheim’s major works that opened the door to further research on strain theories was his book, Suicide. In this book Durkheim sough to understand the why led to one’s own self-destruction. Emile Durkheim studied suicide ratesRead MoreCultural Differences Vs And Robert Mertons Strain Theory1433 Words   |  6 PagesThe strain theory analyses the extent to which people are able to pursue, access and achieve success. Strain theory says that those unable to achieve success experience strain which is a disconnect between desires and aspirations along with the means to achieve these variables. There are several responses and coping strategies that are connected to strain, one being crime. The cultural messages within strain are the goals and t he means. There are two main theorist who explain strain, Robert MertonRead MoreDurkheim s Theory Of Social Bonds1339 Words   |  6 Pagesestablished many sociological theories throughout his time that still are relevant today and have been studied by many sociologists during his time and now currently. One of the more popular theories that has been altered slightly but still used today is Durkheim’s Anomie Theory. The Anomie Theory has been studied by many other famous sociologists such as Robert King Merton and Robert Agnew. It eventually branched into what is now known as the Strain Theory. Currently, these theories are being changed andRead MoreDifferential Opportunity Theory Of Deviant Behavior1334 Words   |  6 PagesOpportunity Theory Sociologists have created many theories to explain deviant behavior, how we learn it, and why we do it. The theory of anomie, differential opportunity, and general strain will be discussed throughout this paper to explain how a person is led to deviant behavior. Deviant behavior can be learned through many aspects of life however, there are many theories explain how this occurs. The anomie theory refers to the lack of normal ethical or social standards however; Durkhiem and Merton eachRead MoreStrain Theory And Its Impact On Society Essay1641 Words   |  7 PagesWithin the social science field, strain theory has been expanded and advanced by many theorists over the last century. Created by Emile Durkheim in a study surrounding suicide, it quickly adapted to other areas of criminology and sociology. Strain theory can explain many forms of crimes, it cannot account for all forms of crime and deviant behaviour within society. Strain is prevalent throughout many forms of societal life , but not all can be linked to the crimes of which are committed by those withinRead MoreThe Birth Of Criminology And The Early 19th Century1495 Words   |  6 Pagesaspects of crime. These theories have had a basis in a wide range of ideas, from biology to sociology, to psychology and even anthropological. Some of these theories have been said to withstand the test of time, and even been used as building blocks for newer theories. Others, however, have been deemed â€Å"bad† theories, or simply have not held up to the passage of time and rapid changes of modern society. The criteria for judging these theories varies. Determining which theory is best would be a difficultRead MoreFor the purpose of this research, the proposed theories that will be used are Agnew’s General600 Words   |  3 Pagesresearch, the proposed theories that will be used are Agnew’s General Strain Theory and Labeling Theory. Robert Agnew is one the most recognizable theorist in the criminal justice profession. General Strain Theory is influential very influential with explaining juvenile delinquency. Agnew’s Strain theory is not the main theory of this research but when examining juvenile delinquency as a whole and the beginning it gives an explanation for that not in social science. This theory is used as the basicRead MoreClassic Strain Theory Essays1443 Words   |  6 PagesClassic Strain Theory, as introduced and defined by Robert Merton, is a Social Structure Theory used to help explain the effect one’s community, most notably lower class area s, has on their ability to achieve predetermined goals, usually considered culturally normal. Merton theorized that all people in a various culture and social structure have similar values, goals, and norms. He stated that within this social structure there are individuals who come from affluent upbringing and are therefore moreRead MoreAnomie Theory1630 Words   |  7 PagesAnomie theory is important for explaining whether crime is a normal or abnormal (pathological) social phenomenon (Cartwright, 2011). It describes a lack of social norms, lawlessness and normlessness (Cartwright, 2013). In detail, it is a breakdown of social bonds between an individual and the community. This theory was first coined by Emile Durkheim, a French sociologist in his book Suicide published in 1897 (Cartwright, 2013). Later on, Robert Merton, the President of American Sociological AssociationRead MoreWhy People Commit Crime: A Strain Theory Perspective2346 Words   |  10 PagesWhy People Commit Cri me: A Strain Theory Perspective SOCI150 Criminology Deviance, criminal behavior and wrong doings; why do they occur? People don t just wake up one morning and say I m off from work today so why don t I just go rob a bank. There has to be something in their past or present experiences that cause one to engage in criminal behavior. So what makes people commit crime and most importantly why do they fell they need to so? Criminologists have studied this question for many years

Free Sample Assignment On NZ Real Estate Data Management

Question: Discuss about the NZ Real Estate Data Management. Answer: Introduction The New Zealand Real Estate (NZRE) in Auckland is a firm that provides the facilities to its clients in the field of property. It offers the brokerage facility to its clients. The client may be buyer or vendor. The clients offer on the property and the vendor chose the buyer to sell his property. Currently, the system is being manually handled. Now the NZRE wants to make the complete system automatic. In this assignment, I am providing the planning and designing of the database of New Zealand Real Estate (NZRE). Planning: Strategic Planning Current Processing: Manually handled everything Store information regarding vendors, buyers, properties, buyers requirements, offers etc. New System Requirement: Form to enter, modify or delete Clients. Form to enter, modify or delete Properties. Form to enter, modify or delete Price Ranges. Form to add or remove categories or suburbs to or from clients. Form to enter, modify or delete a clients offer on a particular property. Change property and offer status. Report to show all available properties that meet the requirements of one particular buyer; Report to show all offers made on one particular property. Report to show available properties, locations and the price range. Problem in current system: There are so many issues in the current system like below- The data may be mismatched sometimes because manually It is very difficult to handle large data manually. Benefits of new database system: There are so many benefits to the NZRE by the new developed system like below- Easy to manage the large data. Easy to track the record of all clients. Easy to track the property detail. Easy to track the offers of clients. Automatically accept the offers. Entities Following entities are required in the New Zealand Real Estate (NZRE) database- Client The client entity will contain the information regarding clients- buyers and vendors. PropertyCategory This entity will contain the information regarding category of property e.g. Bedroom, Bedroom with bathroom etc. Property The property entity will contain the information regarding properties of vendors that are registered to sell. Offer The offer entity will contain the information regarding offers of buyers for particular property. Requirement The requirement entity will contain the information of buyers requirements to purchase the property. Data Entity Planning Matrix Business Functions Client Property Offer Requirement Property Listing X X Client Registration X Matching of Client and Property X X X Update Client X Update Property X Add Buyers requirements X X Update Client Status X Update Offer Status X X X Update Property Status X 5 Logical Design: ER Diagram (Lucid Software Inc. 2015) (Carlo Zaniolo 1982) Business Rules Following business rules are required in the database development of New Zealand Real Estate (NZRE)- The clients will be categorized into two types- Vendor and Buyer. Each property is related to one vendor. A buyer can offer more than one property. The successful offers cannot be deleted for 2 years. The clients who have an offer or property cannot be deleted. The clients, whose status is bad, can be deleted from the database, if they have no offer. References Lucid Software Inc. 2015, ER Diagram Symbols and Meaning, [Online]. Available: https://www.sparxsystems.com/enterprise_architect_user_guide/modeling_languages/data_flow_diagrams.html [Accessed: 9-April-2017] Carlo Zaniolo, A New Normal Form for the Design of Relational Database Schemata, September 1982

Early ECE Classrooms Reflection Essays - Education,

Early ECE Classrooms Reflection If I designed my own facility, there would be some must haves that would be incorporated. The first thing that I would have is a large classroom full of space. I would want to make sure that there was an enough room for the children to be able to learn and play without falling over each other or materials. I would also make sure that the rooms were warm and comforting for the children and their families. I would want the children to enter the classroom feeling comfortable and safe. Just as they would if they were at home. The classrooms would have plants, pets, and other materials that would let the children experience nature and other natural items. Unlike the schoolrooms in the 19th century, my classroom will be filled with different materials filling the centers of the classroom. I would have charts and signs on the walls for the children to look at for reference. The 19th century classrooms were a big room that had a lot of pews and desk. It was filled with children of all age s. There was no extra in the classroom other than the chalkboard. In my classrooms, I would want to have technology integrated within different centers. Somethings would be a smartboard, radio, and iPad. Since we are more advanced in technology now than what was in the 19th century, it would be easier to construct the perfect classroom. In the 19th century, the educators used the resources they had to create the best possible learning environment that they could have. The reasons for the multiple ages in the classroom was because most children during this time had to work on the farms and in other places to help take care of their families. The children that went to school was either too young to start working or wealthy enough not to have to work. If they separated the ages, then there would not have been enough children to teach. They also had to work around the weather and time of day. In today's classrooms, I am extremely thankful for the essentials that we have and the advancements in education to help the children succeed in their educational careers.

Clovis I essays

Clovis I essays Clovis I, became the King of the Salian Franks in the year 481 AD, at the age of 15. He inherited this position from his father Childeric, who died in 482, and hereafter he began killing off members of his own extended family to reduce the number of men who could battle with him for power. By doing this he successfully united the Salian and Ripurian Franks within the first five years of his reign. Clovis than began taking on others that could potentially threaten his people or his authority. The first of these was one of the last Roman Generals, Syagrius, whom he defeated in a single strife in 4861. This was the first of his military accomplishments, but not the last. The next large step taken during Cloviss reign was his marriage to the Burgundian Princess Clotilda, daughter of King Gundevech. The couple married in 493, Clovis already having a son from a concubine named Theodoric. His wife being a Christian, converted all of their children at birth, including their first born, Ingomer, who died in his baptism garments2. Clotilda and Clovis conceived four more children, all males and all baptized at birth. These baptisms and Clotildas influence on her husband pushed him to convert himself to Catholic Christianity. Clovis actually spoke an oath to God during a battle with the Allamannis. Cloviss conversion to Christianity had many affects on the people and territory he ruled. The first of these affects included several changes within Cloviss own family. ...

Synopsis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Synopsis - Assignment Example Stokes contends that, when Soviet President Leonid Brezhnev and his counterparts in other communist countries in the European east decided to crush down the movement and use force to do it, they signed and sealed a death warrant of the system they thought they were saving. Prague Spring lasted from January 1968 till August of the same year, when Warsaw Pact invaded Czechoslovakia and forcefully stopped reforms. Although short in duration Prague Spring echoed throughout eastern Europe and in the next two decades there will be other movements and attempts to change the system. Stokes talks about events in Hungary, Bulgaria and Romania in the late 1970’s, he gives a lot of space in the book to Poland’s Solidarity Movement in the 1980’s , all of which culminate in 1989. The events in Poland according to the author show resilience of reformists. There, the workers struck again and again as an effort to force the government to negotiate with them. Solidarity was the cu lmination of those attempts. Stokes writes that Lech Walesa, the leader of the movement skillfully led it as he tried to keep demands outside of ideological and political sphere. This strategy paid off as Warsaw was forced to recognize the movement and its demands. Stokes belief is that 1989 is as important in European history, as 1848, or 1917 or 1789 were. He is surprised that the whole world missed an opportunity to se 1989 revolutions in Eastern Europe coming. Stokes says that this pivotal year in history was unexpected by everyone, from Washington through Communist regimes, to even rebels themselves. Stokes, also, explores historical figures of the era and area. He talks about Romanian President Nicolae Ceausescu and his self-glorification, about changes occurring in Hungary when country officials decided to turn toward market-based economy. When talking about Polish President Gierek, Czech Vaclav Havel or

Domtar Business Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Domtar Business Analysis - Research Paper Example Domtar has exhibited excellent cash flow over the last few years. The cash flow is anticipated to rise to an average of 9% in the next one year. Domtar’s income has been declining considerably though is still considered to be performing well as compared to other companies in the same industry. Domtar Products Domtar specializes in a wide range of fiber-based products. The products include digital printing papers, specialty papers, EarthChoice papers, publishing papers, commercial printing papers, Business papers, as well as office papers. It is currently planning to start manufacturing packaging papers. Additionally, Domtar engages in the manufacture of paper grade, lumber, wood products, in addition to specialty pulp. Domtar sells its products to a wide range of customers such as merchants, retailers, printers, converters, publishers, as well as end users. Domtar sells its product within Canada, North America and exports to other regions of the world such as United State, whi ch is one of the main customers (Ivara, 2012) Domtar’s Financial Health Financially, Domtar has been performing considerably well. It is considered the second largest paper industry in the world in terms of financial standings. In the financial statement issued on July 27, 2012, which showed the financial performance for the second quarter of 2012, the report showed the considerable decline from that of the previous year. The company reported an operating income of $106 million. Although this was excellent compared to other companies in the same industry, it was, however, a decline from $ 109 million reported in the first quarter for the year 2012. The decline was attributed to increased maintenance costs in addition to reduced shipments for pulp as well as paper. However, the market prices had increased considerably which helped offset the losses, which could have been higher. However, Domtar is anticipating worse times in the third quarter due to the challenges facing the p ulp markets such as the declining demand for both paper and pulp shipments. Domtar management is planning to counteract the anticipated losses by converting the less needed communication paper to Specialty as well as packaging papers, which are still in higher demands. Additionally, Domtar hopes to increase the prices of pulp (Domtar, 2012). The cash flow from functioning activities amounted to about $30 million in the first quarter of 2011. The capital expenditures were approximately $29 million. By March 31, 2012, which marked the end of the first quarter of 2012, Domtar paid $47 million for outstanding premiums and recorded a free cash flow amounting to $48 million. This demonstrates strong cash flow. Additionally, Domtar’s cash flow is expected to average improve further in the future. Domtar’s stock price has outdone the benchmark in the first quarter of 2012. Investors are expected to increase their shareholdings. Additionally, the shares are expected to continue exchanging at bargain basement levels (Domtar, 2012). Any company has the main goal of increasing the value for the shareholders.  Ã‚  

Moon Landing Exploratory Essay Essay Example for Free

Moon Landing Exploratory Essay Essay The space race, during the Cold War, all started with the launch of the first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1. Although this shiny piece of metal ball sent meaningless â€Å"beep-beep† signals back to earth, it had a profound effect on the thinking of citizens and government around the globe, especially on the United States. As tensions and pressures were building, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was created in 1958, to bring competing military space programs into one effort. Soon, they developed the rockets, built the space capsules and satellites, and hired astronauts to become space men. In addition, the United States government realized there was a new frontier to be explored: the moon. As a result, putting a man on the moon became an official governmental priority and the Apollo moon-landing program was established. In 1969, astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were the first humans to walk on the moon. Controversies about the moon landing began shortly after when Bill Kaysing, a moon hoax investigator, published We never went to the Moon: America’s Thirty Billion Swindle in 1974. In addition, an organization called the Flat Earth Society, was the first to accuse NASA of faking the moon landing. Soon after, more and more people, like scientists, professors or amateurs became concerned and wanted the find out the answer: if the moon landing of 1969 was a hoax or a real event. There are five general claims regarding the falsity of the lunar success, each having their own significant proponents and evidences. However, the source of all conspiracies derives from Bill Kaysing. In John Moffet’s FOX documentary: Conspiracy Theory: Did we Land on the Moon? , Bill Kaysing shows strong beliefs that the moon landing was not real due to the following reasons: â€Å"despite the clarity of deep space, the starts were missing from dark lunar skies,† â€Å"the American flag was waving even though there was no ir on the moon,† and â€Å"there was no blast crater beneath the lunar lander† (Moffet). In addition, in Phillip C. Plait’s book, Bad Astronomy: Misconceptions and Misuses Revealed, from Astrology to the Moon Landing â€Å"Hoax,† many other conspiracy theorists argue that the incredibly high temperature of the Moon should have killed the astronauts and the play of light and shadows in the surface indicates that the photos a re faked (Plait 157). These theories all state that the entire world was deceived by the NASA administration and probable the United States government for them to gain the pride and prestige between the lunar landing events. Regardless of the conspiracy theories and the evidences, 94% of the United States population believes the moon landing was a real event, according to Frank Newport’s article, â€Å"Landing a Man on the Moon: The Public’s View. † In Tony Phillip’s article, â€Å"The Great Moon Hoax,† theories are debunked with explanations. He first explains why the pictures taken from the moon did not have stars. He states: â€Å"its difficult to capture something very bright and something else very dim on the same piece of film-typical emulsions† as they â€Å"don’t have enough ‘dynamic setting’† (Phillips). Then he explains why the flags waved despite vacuumed area: â€Å"Not every waving flag needs a breeze-at least not in space. When astronauts were planting the flagpole they rotated it back and forth to better penetrate the lunar soil† (Philips). The article also provides new evidence against the conspiracy theory: the moon rock, Big Muley. In moon rocks, there are isotopes that cannot be found on Earth. â€Å"Even if scientists wanted to make something like a Moon rock by, say, bombarding an Earth rock with high energy atomic nuclei, they couldnt† (Phillips). In addition, Phillip C. Plait agrees with Tony Phillips and comes to the same conclusions. For example he states there are no stars in the picture because, â€Å"The stars are too faint to be seen in the images† (Plait 159). However, unlike Tony Phillips, Plait explains the scientific reasons in depth. He claims astronauts have survived the incredibly high temperature of the Moon due to simple date counting. He explains, â€Å"Moon spins on its axis once every 27 days †¦ [which] means †¦ two weeks of sunlight and two weeks of darkness†¦ the surface doesn’t heat up the instant the sunlight touches it†¦It takes days for the lunar surface to get to its high temperature†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Plait 166). The author of the paper believes the moon landing of 1969 really happened. The main reasons coming to this conclusion s that the lies could not be told by such huge amount of people and the theories can be all explained and understood with a little studying on physics and astronomy. If this were a hoax, more than a handful of people would have spoken up the secret. The author of this paper also believes that the photos and the films from NASA are real evidences, but have been misinterpret ed due to the lack of knowledge on astronomy and physics. This topic still remains to be debated over because the moon landing was one of the magnificent scientific developments in world history.